Fluoxetine (HCI) is the prototype of antidepressant drug that selectively inhibits serotonin reuptake. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRls) is the new class of chemically unique antidepressant drugs that are specifically inhibit fluoxetine(HCI) is serotonin reuptake.
Mechanism Of Action
Fluoxetine’s primary mechanism of action involves the selective inhibition of serotonin reuptake, which increases serotonin levels in the synaptic cleft and enhances serotonergic neurotransmission. Its effects on serotonin receptors, neuroplasticity, and neurogenesis further contribute to its therapeutic benefits. Although fluoxetine can also influence other neurotransmitter systems, its main therapeutic effects are attributed to its impact on serotonin.
Uses
Fluoxetine (HCI) is primarily indicated in conditions like:
- Bulimia nervosa
- Control of muscarinic side-effects of neostigmine Depression, Depressive illness,
- Obsessive-compulsive disorders Panic disorders
- Parkinson’s disease
- Suspected methotrexate overdosage
- Also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Fibromyalgia.
Side Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Fluoxetine (HCI), which give rise to further complications include:
- Serum sickness
- Vasculitis
- Seizures
- Extrapyramidal symptoms
- Sinus bradycardia
- Mania
- Altered platelet function
- Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Fluoxetine (HCI) include:
- Nausea,
- Vomiting
- Grand Mal Seizures (epilepsy)
- Agitation
- Restlessness,
- Hypomania
- CNS excitation.
The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Fluoxetine (HCI) are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include:
- Dizziness, Drowsiness, Fatigue, Nausea
- Anorexia, Diarrhea, Anxiety, Palpitation
- Insomnia, Weight Loss,
- Gl upset, Sweating, Asthenia, Elevation of liver enzymes
- Sinus tachycardia, Vison disturbance
- Sinusitis, Erythema multiforme, Hyponatremia
- nervousness.
Contraindication
Fluoxetine (HCI) is contraindicated in conditions
like Renal failure, Hypersensitivity.
Warnings/Precautions
- Patient should observe caution while driving or performing other task requiring alertness because it may produce dizziness.
- Fluoxetine should be used with caution in patient with history of seizures, in kidney or liver impairment, with diseases or conditions that could effect metabolism or hemodynamic response.
- Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, patients suffering from Liver Malfunction, and Neonates .If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Drug Interaction
Fluoxetine has several important drug interactions, primarily related to its effects on serotonin levels and cytochrome P450 enzymes. Managing these interactions involves careful monitoring, dose adjustments, and patient education to ensure safety and efficacy in treatment. Always consult with a healthcare provider or pharmacist when starting, stopping, or adjusting medications.
Dosage And Administration
The following are the dosage and routes of administration for Fluoxetine.
Adults:
- Initial Dose: 20 mg once daily, typically in the morning.
- Maintenance Dose: The dose can be adjusted based on clinical response and tolerability. The usual dose range is 20-60 mg per day.
- Maximum Dose: 80 mg per day.
Pediatric Patients (8-18 years):
- Initial Dose: 10 mg once daily, which may be increased to 20 mg after a week.
- Maintenance Dose: Usual dose range is 20-40 mg per day.
- Maximum Dose: 60 mg per day.
Is fluoxetine addictive?
- Fluoxetine is not considered addictive or habit-forming. However, it is important to use it as prescribed and not to stop or adjust the dosage without consulting your healthcare provider.
Are there any dietary restrictions while taking fluoxetine?
- There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with fluoxetine. However, it is important to maintain a balanced diet and avoid excessive alcohol consumption, as alcohol can exacerbate side effects and impair the effectiveness of the medication.
Can fluoxetine cause weight changes?
- Fluoxetine may cause weight changes, but the effect varies among individuals. Some people may experience weight loss, while others might gain weight. Regular monitoring of weight and discussing any significant changes with your healthcare provider is advised
Can fluoxetine be used during pregnancy?
- As the Fluoxetine is classified as a Category C drug by the FDA, which means that risk to the fetus cannot be ruled out. It should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Discuss with your healthcare provider if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding.
Disclaimer
The information provided on this platform is for general informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health providers with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this platform.
